What is meant by multi-threading in computing?

Multi-threading refers to the ability of a CPU or a single core within a multi-core processor to provide multiple threads of execution concurrently. In this context, a thread is the smallest sequence of programmed instructions that can be managed independently by a scheduler. By utilizing multiple threads, an application can perform background tasks in parallel to the main program flow, leading to more efficient use of resources and better performance, particularly in applications that require simultaneous operations like user interfaces and data processing.

This approach allows different threads to execute independently while sharing the same memory space. For instance, a web browser can handle multiple tabs or windows, each represented by a thread, allowing users to interact seamlessly with different pages without hindrance. The correct answer encapsulates the essence of multi-threading by emphasizing that it involves executing multiple threads within a single process concurrently. This is fundamental for improving the responsiveness and efficiency of applications, rather than focusing on the execution of separate processes orOS functionalities.